Orthodontic braces are appliances in the dental field to straighten crooked teeth, address bite issues (such as overbite, underbite, or crossbite), and issues regarding jaw alignment. They apply force on teeth over time to shift them into position. This is a description of how they work and what the types are:
How Braces Work
Parts:
Brackets: Small squares that are glued to the front of each tooth (or sometimes the back, with lingual braces).
Archwire: Thin wire metal that runs through the brackets and presses on the teeth to push them.
Elastic Bands (Ligatures): Small rubber bands that hold the wire to the brackets (with old-fashioned braces).
Other Pieces: Springs, rubber bands, or other devices are employed to fix individual issues.
Process:
The orthodontist adjusts the archwire periodically to apply the correct pressure.
The bone that encloses the teeth remodels with time, allowing the teeth to shift into place.
Types of Orthodontic Braces
Traditional Metal Braces:
Heavy-duty stainless steel construction.
Most popular and affordable choice.
Smaller and less visible than ever before.
Ceramic Braces:
Made of tooth-colored or clear ceramic material.
Less visible than metal braces but can stain with improper care.
Lingual Braces:
Bonded to the back of teeth, so they cannot be seen from the front.
Custom-made for each patient but potentially harder to clean and move.
Clear Aligners (e.g., Invisalign):
Removable, clear trays that fit over teeth.
Nearly invisible and commonly used for mild to moderate misalignment.
Pt should need to wear at least 20 -22 hours.
Care and Maintenance
Oral Hygiene: Brushing and flossing to prevent the accumulation of plaque and tooth decay.
Diet: Avoid sticky, hard, or sweet foods that can damage braces.
Regular Adjustments: Visit the orthodontist every 4-6 weeks for adjustments and checkups.
Duration of Treatment
Typically 1-3 years, depending on how bad the misalignment is and what kind of braces are used.
After the removal of braces, a retainer is typically required to maintain the teeth in place.